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6. Program window

This window contains the timeline and the entry point for all menu driven operations. The timeline consists of a vertical stack of tracks with a horizontal representation of time. This defines the output of rendering operations and what is saved when you save files. To the left of the timeline is the patchbay which contains options affecting each track.

manual_images_intl/program_insertion_point

The timeline

Under the Window menu, you will find options that affect the main windows. Default positions repositions all the windows to a 4 screen editing configuration. On dual headed displays, the Default positions operation fills only one monitor with windows.


6.1 Navigating the program window

The program window contains many features for navigation and displays the timeline as it is structured in memory: tracks stacked vertically and extending across time horizontally. The horizontal scroll bar allows you to scan across time. The vertical scroll bar allows you to scan across tracks.


6.1.1 Video and audio tracks

manual_images_intl/track_video

A video track

Video tracks represent the duration of your videos and clips, just as if you placed real photographic film stock end-to-end on a table. The individual images you see on the track are samples of what is located at that particular instant on the timeline.

manual_images_intl/track_audio

An audio track

Audio tracks represent your sound media as an audio waveform. Following the film analogy, it would be as if you "viewed" magnetic tape horizontally on your table.

You can adjust the horizontal and vertical magnification of the tracks and the magnification of the audio "waveform" display using the zoom panel bar controls.
Every track on the timeline has a set of attributes on the left, called the patch bay. It is used to control the behavior of the tracks. The most important attribute is arm track.


6.1.2 Track navigation

Track Navigation involves both selecting a specific audio or video track and moving to a certain time in the track. The program window contains many features for navigation and displays the timeline as it is structured in memory.

The vertical scroll bar allows you to scan across tracks. For vertical scrolling you can use also the mouse wheel.

The horizontal scroll bar allows you to scan across time. For horizontal scrolling you can use also the mouse wheel with the <CTRL> key.

In addition to the graphical tools, you may also use the keyboard to navigate. As a general rule, keyboard navigation is faster than navigation with a mouse. Use <PAGE UP> and <PAGE DOWN> to scroll up and down the tracks.

You will often need to scroll beyond the end of the timeline, but the scrollbars will not let you do it. Instead, use the RIGHT arrow to scroll past the end of timeline.

Use the <HOME> and <END> keys to instantly go to the beginning or end of the timeline. In I-beam mode, hold down <SHIFT> while pressing <HOME> or <END> in order to select the region of the timeline between the insertion point and the key pressed.


6.1.3 The zoom panel

Below the timeline, you will find the zoom panel. The zoom panel contains values for sample zoom (duration visible on the timeline), amplitude (audio waveform scale), track zoom (height of tracks in the timeline), and curve zoom(automation range). In addition to the scrollbars, these zooms are the main tools for positioning the timeline.

manual_images_en/zoompanel

Changing the sample zoom causes the unit of time displayed in the timeline to change size. It allows you to view your media all the way from individual frames to the entire length of your project. The higher the setting, the more frames you can see per screen. The sample zoom value is not an absolute reference for the unit of time since it refers to the duration visible on the timeline and thus changes also as you modify the length of the program window horizontally.
Use the UP and DOWN arrows to change the sample zoom by a power of two.
If your mouse has a wheel and it works in X11, mouse over the tumblers and use the wheel to zoom in and out.

The amplitude only affects audio. It determines how large the waveform appears.
CTRL-UP and CTRL-DOWN cause the amplitude zoom to change.

The track zoom affects all tracks. It determines the height of each track. If you change the track zoom, the amplitude zoom compensates so that the audio waveforms look proportional.
CTRL-PGUP and CTRL-PGDOWN cause the track zoom to change.

The curve zoom affects the curves in all the tracks of the same type. It determines the value range for curves. First select the automation type (audio fade, video fade, zoom, X,Y) then use the left tumblers for the minimum value and the right tumblers for the maximum value or manually enter the values in the text box. Normally you will use -40.0 to 6.0 for audio fade and 0.0 to 100.0 for video fade. See section The patchbay.
The tumblers changes curve amplitude, but the only way to curve offset is to use the fit curves button manual_images_intl/fit_curves.
ALT-UP and ALT-DOWN cause the curve amplitude to change.


6.1.4 The track popup menu

Each Track has a popup menu. To activate the track popup menu, RIGHT-click on the track. The popup menu affects the track whether the track is armed on the patch bay or not. The Track Menu contains a number of options:


6.1.5 The insertion point

The insertion point is the flashing hairline mark that vertically spans the timeline in the program window. Analogous to the cursor on your word processor, the insertion point marks the place on the timeline where the next activity will begin. It’s the point where a paste operation takes place. When rendering, it defines the beginning of the region of the timeline to be rendered. It is also the starting point of all playback operations.

manual_images_intl/program_insertion_point

The insertion point on the main window,

represented as a vertical hair-line at the 00:00.500 point

Normally, the insertion point is moved by clicking inside the main timebar. Any region of the timebar not obscured by labels and in or out points is a hotspot for repositioning the insertion point. In cut and paste editing mode only, the insertion point can be moved also by clicking in the timeline itself.

manual_images_intl/main_timebar

The main timebar

When moving the insertion point the position is either aligned to frames or aligned to samples. When editing video, you will want to align to frames. When editing audio you will want to align to samples. Select your preference by using Settings->Align cursor on frames.


6.1.6 Editing modes

Editing modes are two different methods of operation that affect the insertion point and the editing on the timeline.
They are:

The editing mode is determined by selecting the arrow or the i-beam in the buttonbar. Alternatively you can use <e> as a keyboard shortcut to toggle between modes.

manual_images_intl/editing_mode

The editing mode buttons

If the arrow is highlighted, it enables drag and drop mode.
In drag and drop mode, clicking in the timeline does not reposition the insertion point.
Double-clicking in the timeline selects the entire edit the mouse pointer is over.
Dragging in the timeline repositions the edit the mouse pointer is over. This is useful for reordering audio playlists, sorting movie scenes, moving effects around.
To cut and paste in drag and drop mode you need to set in/out points to define an affected region. See section The in/out points.
See section Drag and drop editing.

If the i-beam is highlighted it enables cut and paste mode.
In cut and paste mode, clicking in the timeline repositions the insertion point.
Double-clicking in the timeline selects the entire edit the cursor is over.
Dragging in the timeline highlights a region. The highlighted region becomes the region affected by cut and paste operations and the playback range during the next playback operation. <SHIFT>-clicking in the timeline extends the highlighted region.

manual_images_intl/program_highlight

Tracks with highlighted area, shown inside the green outline

When highlighting a region, the start and end points are either aligned to frames or aligned to samples. When editing video, you will want to align to frames. When editing audio you will want to align to samples. Select your preference by using settings->align cursor on frames.
See section Cut and paste editing.

Note: Cinelerra CV revisions 943 and 944 (SVN checkouts from 19 to 21 October 2006) had no editing modes buttons. "Copy and paste" and "Drag and drop" editing modes were merged into one, shift key being differentiation between them. This is the case of the Gentoo ebuild media-video/cinelerra-cvs-20061020.


6.1.7 The in/out points

In both editing modes, you can set one in point and one out point. The in/out points define the affected region. In drag and drop mode, they are the only way to define an affected region. In both cut and paste mode and drag and drop mode, the highlighted area overrides the in/out points. If a highlighted area and in/out points are set, the highlighted area is affected by editing operations and the in/out points are ignored. If no region is highlighted, the in/out points are used. To avoid confusion, it is better to use either highlighting or in/out points but not both simultaneously.

Normally, in/out points do not affect the playback region. The in/out points determine the playback region only if you hold down <CTRL> while issuing a playback command.

To set in/out points, go to the timebar and position the insertion point somewhere. Select the manual_images_intl/in_point_button in point button. Move the insertion point to a position after the in point and click the manual_images_intl/out_point_button out point button. Instead of using the button bar, you can use the <[> and <]> keys to toggle in/out points.

manual_images_intl/inout_points

Timebar with in/out points set.

If you set the insertion point somewhere else while in/out points already exist, when you click the in/out buttons the existing points will be repositioned.

If you click on in/out points while a region is highlighted, the insertion point will be ignored and in/out points will be set at the beginning and at the end of the highlighted area.

If you select either the in point or the out point, the insertion point will jump to that location. After selecting an in point, if you click the in point button the in point will be deleted. After selecting an out point, if you click the out point button the out point will be deleted.

Tip: To quickly get rid of in/out points, without caring about where they are or if they are set or not, just double click on [ and ] buttons. The first click will set a new point or reposition an old one at the insertion point; the second click will delete it. Obviously this trick does not work if the in point or the out point is already set at insertion point.

<SHIFT>-clicking on an in/out point highlights the region between the insertion point and that in/out point. If a region is already highlighted, it extends the highlighted region up to that in/out point.

The insertion point and the in/out points allow you to define an affected region, but they do not let you jump to exact points on the timeline very easily. For this purpose there are labels.


6.1.8 Using labels in the program window

Labels are an easy way to set exact locations on the timeline that you want to jump to. When you position the insertion point somewhere and click the manual_images_intl/label_button label button, a new label appears on the timeline.

manual_images_intl/timebar_label

Timebar with a label on it

No matter what the zoom settings are, clicking on the label highlights it and positions the insertion point exactly where you set the label. Hitting the <l> key has the same effect as the label button.

Labels can reposition the insertion point when they are selected but they can also be traversed with the manual_images_intl/label_traversal label traversal buttons. When a label is out of view, the label traversal buttons reposition the timeline so the label is visible. There are keyboard shortcuts for label traversal, too.

CTRL-LEFT repositions the insertion point on the previous label.

CTRL-RIGHT repositions the insertion point on the next label.

With label traversal you can quickly seek back and forth on the timeline.

The Label tab of the resources window lists the timestamp of every label. You can edit the label list and add a title for every item using the popup menu. To open the Label info dialog right click on the label icon in the Resources window or directly on the label symbol on the timebar.

With labels you can also select regions.

SHIFT-CTRL-LEFT highlights the region between the insertion point and the previous label.

SHIFT-CTRL-RIGHT highlights the region between the insertion point and the next label.

Double-clicking on the timebar between two labels highlights the region between the labels.

SHIFT-clicking on a label highlights the region between that label and the insertion point. If a region is already highlighted, it extends the highlighted region up to that label.

If you hit the label button when a region is highlighted, labels are created at each end of the highlighted region. However, if one end already has a label, then the existing label is deleted.

Hitting the label button again when a label is selected deletes it. Manually hitting the label button or <l> key over and over again to delete a series of labels can get tedious. To delete a set of labels, first highlight a region. Second, use the Edit->Clear labels function. If in/out points exist, the labels between the in/out points are cleared and the highlighted region is ignored.

In Cut and Paste editing mode only, by enabling Edit labels in the settings menu, or by disabling the manual_images_intl/locklabels_unlocked Lock labels from moving button on the program toolbar labels will be cut, copied or pasted along with the selected region of the first armed track.
Similarly, if a selected area of a resource is spliced from the viewer to the timeline in a position before labels, these labels will be pushed to the right on the timebar for the length of the selected area.
To prevent labels from moving on the timebar, just disable the Edit labels option or enable the manual_images_intl/locklabels_unlocked Lock labels from moving button.
In Drag and Drop editing mode labels will be always locked to the timebar, even with the Edit labels option enabled.


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